常见初中英语语态，家长应该关注的几个方面

我们知道英语语态一般都是针对动词来说的，一种是主动语态，一种是被动语态。主动语态很好理解，如我写作业，这就是一个主动语态。作业被我写，这就是一种被动语态，只是汉语中很少这样表达，但是英语这样表达的情况很多。今天我们来详细学学一些初中英语语态。

一、主动语态

一般来说当句子的主语是动作的执行者时， 谓语的形式叫主动语态。例句：

1、I like English very much.

2、 The story sounds very interesting.

3、 The meeting begins at seven.

4、 The rain starts at nine in the morning.

5、 He goes to school every day.

6、 He is very happy.

7、The earth moves around the sun.

二、被动语态

句子的主语是动作承受者时，谓语的形式叫被动作语态。被动语态由助动词be + 过去分词构成，时态通过be 表现出来。例句：

1) 一般现在时：You are required to do this.

2) 一般过去时：The story was told by her.

3) 一般将来时：The problem will be discussed tomorrow.

4) 现在进行时：The road is being widened.

5) 过去进行时：The new tool was being made.

6) 现在完成时：The novel has been read.

7) 过去完成时：He said that the work had been finished.

8) 过去将来时：He said that the trees would be planted soon.

2. 一些特殊的被动结构

1) 带情态动词的被动结构：The problem must be solved soon.

2) 带不定式的被动结构：The room is going to be painted.

The homework needs to be done with care.

3) 短语动词的被动：

a.(不及物)动词+介词：若这类短语动词是及物性的，则可用于被动语态中，如：laugh at, look after, talk about, think of 等。若这类短语动词是不及物性的则不可用于被动语态中，如：look up, look down. 等

4) 带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语保留在谓语后面。We always keep the classroom clean.

(比较：The classroom is always kept clean.)

5)主动形式表示被动意义的词。常见的有：

a.主动形式，这时动名词同句中的主语有动宾关系。

The children need looking after.

The window wants /requires repairing.

6) 以下动词构成的句子不能改为被动句：

a. 动词leave, enter, reach 等的宾语是表示处所、地点(国家、团体，组织、军队)等。

b. 表示状态的动词，如：become, benefit, cost, contain, equal, fit, fail, have, lack, last, mean, suit, look like等。

被动语态有很多特殊情况，这就需要同学们牢记了，语态的学习也是英语基础的学习，希望同学们能好好看看上述内容，将语态弄清楚。